Integration of Islamic Knowledge Based on Ahlussunnah Wal Jama'ah Values in the Development of Islamic Religious Education Learning Theory: A Literature Study

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the integration of Islamic sciences based on the values of Ahlussunnah wal Jama’ah (Aswaja) in the development of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning theory through a library research approach. The background of this research is grounded in the need for theoretical reconstruction of PAI learning that is not merely cognitively oriented but also rooted in the principles of moderation, tawassuth (middle path), tasamuh (tolerance), tawazun (balance), and i’tidal (justice) as the epistemological characteristics of Aswaja. This research employs a qualitative design using library research methods, with data collected through documentation of scientific journal articles indexed between 2020 and 2026 that are relevant to the integration of Aswaja values and PAI learning. Data were analyzed using content analysis to identify conceptual patterns, theoretical constructions, and their relevance to the development of PAI learning theory. The findings indicate that the integration of Aswaja values in PAI learning has evolved beyond normative discourse toward strengthening religious moderation, character education, multicultural education, and curriculum transformation based on knowledge integration. Theoretically, this integration contributes to constructing a holistic, contextual, and value-based PAI learning model. This study recommends the development of a theoretical model of PAI learning grounded in Aswaja Islamic epistemology to reinforce scientific identity and religious moderation within Islamic educational institutions.